Breast implant removal, also called explant surgery, is the removal of breast implants with or without the capsule of scar tissue that the body forms around them. Patients choose explant for medical reasons, personal reasons, or a combination of the two.
Medical reasons include implant rupture, capsular contracture where the capsule tightens and firms or distorts the breast, implants that have shifted position, ongoing pain, interference with breast imaging, or a diagnosis that requires the implant to come out. Other reasons are equally valid: implants that no longer suit your body or your life, breast tissue that has changed over the years, or simply not wanting implants any more.
Removal changes how the breasts look. They are usually smaller than before, and skin that was filled by the implant may appear loose or flattened, particularly after larger implants or many years in place. Where appropriate, explant can be combined with a breast lift, or mastopexy, or fat transfer. Dr Maryam Seyedabadi, Specialist Plastic Surgeon, consults in Paddington, Sydney.
Explant surgery is carried out under general anaesthetic, usually through your existing scar, most often in the fold under the breast.
Recovery after removal alone is generally quicker than after a combined operation. Individual healing varies and these ranges are indicative only.
Risks include bleeding, haematoma, infection, seroma, delayed healing, scarring, asymmetry, contour irregularity, loose skin, loss of upper breast fullness, changes in nipple or skin sensation, anaesthetic complications and blood clots. Extensive capsule removal adds risk of bleeding and, rarely, injury to the chest wall or entry into the chest cavity needing further treatment. Some patients are unhappy with breast shape once the implants are out and later choose a lift.
Breast implants are not lifetime devices, and anyone with implants may need further surgery over time. Recognised implant related problems include capsular contracture, implant rupture, changes in nipple or skin sensation and, rarely, breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma, known as BIA-ALCL, a cancer of the immune system arising in the capsule. BIA-ALCL usually presents as late swelling or fluid around an implant and is treated by removing the implant and capsule completely.
A referral, usually from your GP, is required before a consultation for cosmetic surgery in Australia. A cooling-off period of at least seven days applies between informed consent and the operation, and at least three months for patients under 18.
At your consultation Dr Maryam examines you, reviews your implant history, explains the capsulectomy options and their trade-offs, and discusses the alternatives, including leaving the implants where they are, exchanging them, or removing them together with a lift, so you can weigh the risks before you decide. Fees are quoted in writing afterwards. Removal for a medical complication such as rupture may attract a Medicare item number, while purely cosmetic removal does not. Rooms are at 2c Heeley Street, Paddington, phone 1300 067 668.
Reasons vary. Some have capsular contracture, where the scar capsule tightens and causes firmness, distortion or discomfort. Others have implant rupture or deflation, changes in shape over time, or simply no longer want implants. Implants are not lifetime devices, so removal or replacement may be needed at some point. Assessment usually includes examination and imaging, and Dr Seyedabadi discusses whether removal alone or removal combined with another procedure is appropriate.
A capsulectomy means removing the scar capsule that forms around an implant. En bloc removal means taking the implant and capsule out together as a single unit. Neither is required in every case. What is appropriate depends on capsule thickness, whether the implant has ruptured, implant position and your imaging findings. Capsule surgery is more involved and carries additional risks, including bleeding and injury to nearby structures, which are explained at consultation.
This varies with implant size, how long the implants were in place, your skin quality and your remaining breast tissue. Some breasts settle reasonably well on their own, while others look flatter, emptier in the upper pole or looser. A breast lift or fat transfer can be performed at the same time or later to address shape. Dr Seyedabadi will talk through the likely appearance and the uncertainty involved.
Recovery varies with what is done. Removal alone is usually a shorter operation than removal with capsulectomy or with a lift. Most people take about one to two weeks away from desk work, and typically four to six weeks before heavy lifting or vigorous exercise. Drains are sometimes used. Bruising and oedema settle over weeks to months. Risks include bleeding, infection, seroma, changes in sensation and scarring, all discussed at consultation.